A 60 kb/s–10 Mb/s Adaptive Frequency Hopping Transceiver for Interference-Resilient Body Channel Communication Namjun Cho, Student Member , IEEE, Long Yan , Student Member , IEEE, Joonsung Bae , Student Member , IEEE

Abstract

An interference-resilient 60 kb/s–10 Mb/s body channel transceiver using the human body as a signal trans- mission medium is designed for multimedia and medical data transaction in body-area network. The body antenna effect which interferes with signals in the human body channel is examined. The body-induced interferences degrade the SIR of the signal to 22 dB in the worst case. In order to overcome the body antenna effect, a 4-channel adaptive frequency hopping scheme using the 30–120 MHz band is introduced to the body channel transceiver. A direct-switching modulator using dual frequency synthesizers and a DLL-based demodulator are proposed for 10 Mb/s FSK and the 4.2 s hopping time. The transceiver fabricated with 0.18 m CMOS withstands 28 dB SIR and its operating distance is over 1.8 m with 25 dB SIR. Its energy consumption is 0.37 nJ/b with 65 dBm sensitivity.