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Single-Photon
提出一种全数字成像技术，同步检测光的相位和强度，用于重构场景深度图。
最大非线性误差低于12 cm，重复性误差3.8 cm
单光子检测同步检测深度图CMOS图像增强
▸创新点1：单光子同步检测技术（方法创新）：该技术首次实现了光相位和强度的同步检测，通过全数字成像技术，显著提高了光子检测的精度和效率，实验验证了相位预测的准确性。
▸创新点2：全集成摄像头设计（系统创新）：采用0.35μm CMOS工艺设计并制造了全集成摄像头，集成了调制光源和光子飞行时间捕获功能，实现了场景深度图的重建，最大非线性误差低于12cm。
▸创新点3：被动模式下的图像增强（方法创新）：在被动模式下，通过反射模式的差分图进行高级图像处理，显著提升了2D场景的图像质量，最大重复性误差仅为3.8cm。
▸创新点4：调制光源与光子飞行时间捕获（电路创新）：设计了调制光源和光子飞行时间捕获电路，实现了目标反射光子的独立捕获，为深度测量提供了高精度的数据支持。
Abstract
Phase and intensity of light are detected simulta- neously using a fully digital imaging technique: single-photon synchronous detection. This approach has been theoretically and experimentally investigated in this paper. We designed a fully integrated camera implementing the new technique that was fabricated in a 0.35 m CMOS technology. The camera demonstrator features a modulated light source, so as to inde- pendently capture the time-of-flight of the photons reflected by a target, thereby reconstructing a depth map of the scene. The camera also enables image enhancement of 2D scenes when used in passive mode, where differential maps of the reflection patterns are the basis for advanced image processing algorithms. Extensive testing has shown the suitability of the technique and confirmed phase accuracy predictions. Experimental results showed that the proposed rangefinder method is effective. Distance measurement performance was characterized with a maximum nonlinearity error lower than 12 cm within a range of a few meters. In the same range, the maximum repeatability error was 3.8 cm.