A Batteryless 19 W MICS/ISM-Band Energy Harvesting Body Sensor Node SoC for ExG Applications Y anqing Zhang, Fan Zhang, Y ousef Shakhsh eer, Jason D. Silver, Alicia Klinefelter, Manohar Nagaraju, Student Member , IEEE, James Boley, Jagdish Pandey , Student Member , IEEE, Aatmesh Shrivastava, Eric J. Carlson, Austin Wood, Benton H. Calhoun , Senior Member , IEEE,a n d Brian P . Otis, Senior Member , IEEE

Abstract

This paper presents an ul tra-low power batteryless energy harvesting body sensor node (BSN) SoC fabricated in a commercial 130 nm CMOS technology capable of acquiring, processing, and transmitting el ectrocardiogram (ECG), elec- tromyogram (EMG), and electroen cephalogram (EEG) data. This SoC utilizes recent advances in ene rgy harvesting, dynamic power management, low voltage bo ost circuits, bio-signal front-ends, subthreshold processing, and RF transmitter circuit topologies. The SoC is designed so the integration and interaction of circuit blocks accomplish an int egrated, flexible, and recon figurable wireless BSN SoC capable of aut onomous power management and operation from harvested power, thus prolonging the node lifetime indefinitely. The chip performs ECG heart rate extraction and atrial fibrillation detection while only consuming 19 W, running solely on harvested energy. This chip is the first wireless BSN powered solely fro m a thermoelectric harvester and/or RF power and has lower power, lower minimum supply voltage (30 mV), and more complete system integration than previously reported wireless BSN SoC s.