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A 0.5 V PWM CMOS Imager With 82 dB Dynamic Range and 0.055% Fixed-Pattern-Noise Meng-Ting Chung, Chih-Lin Lee, Chin Yin, and Chih-Cheng Hsieh
提出一种0.5V PWM CMOS图像传感器，采用阈值变化消除和可编程电流控制阈值技术，显著降低固定模式噪声并扩展动态范围。
0.055%阵列FPN, 0.016%列FPN, 0.65LSB暗随机噪声, 82dB动态范围
PWM图像传感器固定模式噪声消除超低电压动态范围扩展CMOS工艺
▸阈值变化消除(TVC)技术改善工艺变异导致的固定模式噪声
▸可编程电流控制阈值(PCCT)方案扩展动态范围56.5dB
▸超低功耗设计(4.95μW@11.8fps)
Abstract
This paper presents a 0.5 V operated pulse-wi dth modulation (PWM) CMOS imager with threshold-variation canceling (TVC) and programmable current-controlled threshold (PCCT) schemes implemented in 0.18 µm CMOS tech nology. The proposed TVC scheme ef ficiently improves the fixed-pattern-noise (FPN) issue caused by process variation in conventional PWM sensors. The limited dynamic range in ultra -low-voltage operated sensor can be extended by 56.5 dB with the proposed PCCT operation. The measurement results of the prototype chip show an array FPN of 0.055%, a column FPN of 0.016% , a dark random noise of 0.65 LSB, and a dynamic range (DR)of 82 dB. The total chip consumes 4.95 uW and 29.6 µW at 11.8 fps and 78.5 fps, which achieves an iFOM of 163.9 pW/f-p and 147.3 pW/f-p, respectively.