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A 1024 8, 700-ps Time-Gated SPAD Line Sensor for Planetary Surface Exploration With Laser Raman Spectroscopy and LIBS Y
介绍了一种用于行星表面探索的1024×8时间门控SPAD线传感器,具有高光子检测效率和快速门控能力。
最大光子检测效率19.3%,暗计数率5.7 kHz@3V,时间分辨率250ps,最小门宽0.7ns
SPAD时间门控行星探索激光拉曼光谱单光子检测
▸创新点1:时间门控SPAD线传感器设计(方法创新) - 该论文提出了一种新型时间门控单光子雪崩二极管(SPAD)线传感器,具有1024个像素和700ps的时间分辨率,适用于行星表面探测。其创新在于实现了高时间分辨率的同时,通过时间门控技术有效抑制背景噪声,显著提升了信噪比。
▸创新点2:两种不同芯片几何结构实现(结构创新) - 论文设计了两种不同几何结构的芯片(Type I和Type II),Type I具有0.3%的最大光子探测效率和80Hz的中值暗计数率,Type II则达到19.3%的光子探测效率和5.7kHz的暗计数率。这种双结构设计为不同应用场景提供了灵活选择。
▸创新点3:亚纳秒门控技术显著减少背景荧光(技术创新) - 通过实现最小1.8ns(Type I)和0.7ns(Type II)的门控宽度,该传感器能够有效抑制背景荧光干扰,这在拉曼光谱和激光诱导击穿光谱应用中具有重要价值,实验证明其对方解石和硅锌矿等矿物的检测效果显著提升。
▸创新点4:高集成度1024像素阵列设计(系统创新) - 该研究实现了1024像素的高密度集成SPAD阵列,结合250ps的时间分辨率和快速门控能力,为行星表面探测提供了高性能的集成化解决方案,在空间受限的应用场景中展现出独特优势。
Abstract
A1 0 24 8 time-gated, single-photon avalanche d i o d el i n es e n s o ri sp r e s e n t e df o rt i m e - r e s o l v e dl a s e rR a m a n spectroscopy and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Two different chip geometries were implemented and characterized. A type-I sensor has a maximum photon detection ef ficiency of 0.3% and median dark count rate of 80 Hz at 3 V of excess bias. At y p e -II sensor offers a maximum photon detection ef ficiency of 19.3% and a median dark count rate of 5.7 kHz at 3 V of excess bias. Both chips have 250-ps temporal resolution and fast gating capability, with a minimum gate width of 1.8 ns for type I and 0.7 ns for type II. Raman spectra w ere successfully observed from natural minerals, such as calcite and willemite. With the use of subnanosecond gating, background fluorescence was signi ficantly reduced.