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A 760-nW 180-nm CMOS Fully Analog V oice Activity Detection System for Domestic
一种基于信噪比的完全模拟语音活动检测电路，功耗低至760nW。
180nm CMOS, 1.2V, 760nW, 99.5%分类准确率
语音活动检测模拟电路低功耗开关电容信噪比
▸完全模拟实现：采用全模拟电路设计，避免了数字信号处理的复杂性和功耗，显著降低了系统功耗和芯片面积，适用于低功耗应用场景。
▸连续时间非线性操作：通过连续时间非线性操作，提高了信号处理的灵活性和适应性，能够在复杂噪声环境下实现高精度的语音活动检测。
▸全被动开关电容信号处理：利用全被动开关电容技术进行信号处理，减少了主动元件的使用，进一步降低了功耗和成本，同时提高了系统的可靠性。
▸自适应阈值更新电路：引入周期性阈值更新电路，使系统能够根据环境噪声动态调整检测阈值，提高了在不同噪声环境下的检测准确率，达到99.5%的准确率。
Abstract
This article presents a fully analog, signal-to-noise-
ratio-based voice-activity detection (V AD) circuit. The circuit
is based on an energy-efficient analog implementation with
continuous-time nonlinear operation and fully passive switched-
capacitor signal processing. The overall chain is composed
of a programmable-gain amplifier, a squarer, an integrator,
an SC-based signal averaging circuit, and a periodic threshold
update circuit for adaptability. This implementation allows the
minimization