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A 510-pW 32-kHz Crystal Oscillator With High Energy-to-Noise-Ratio Pulse Injecti
一种采用高能量噪声比脉冲注入的510皮瓦32kHz晶体振荡器，实现超低功耗和宽温范围工作。
0.51nW, 0.45V, -25°C至125°C, 2ppb Allan偏差
晶体振荡器超低功耗脉冲注入温度范围能量噪声比
▸T/4延迟时钟切片器将正弦晶体波形转换为32kHz输出时钟并引入T/4延迟
▸全NMOS差分驱动器在4kHz激活，实现峰值和谷值能量注入
▸两次注入间晶体自由振荡，降低注入开销
Abstract
This article introduces a 32-kHz crystal oscillator
(XO) with high energy-to-noise-ratio pulse injection at sub-
harmonic frequency. A T/4-delay clock slicer is proposed to
convert the sinusoidal crystal waveform into an output clock
of 32 kHz and to introduce a delay of T/4, providing proper
timing for energy injections. The output clock feeds frequency
dividers and generates pulses to activate the proposed all-NMOS
differential driver at 4 kHz. It enables two injections in eight
periods at the