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A Compact and Ultra-Low-Power 32-kHz Conduction-Angle-Adaptive
提出了一种超低功耗、紧凑的32kHz晶体振荡器，适用于实时时钟应用。
28nm CMOS, 0.38V, 0.36nW, -20°C to 85°C
超低功耗晶体振荡器实时时钟导通角电荷泵
▸类C类Pierce振荡器工作模式
▸基于振荡幅度的数字定义导通角
▸片上电荷泵技术生成导通角信息
Abstract
This article presents an ultra-low-power and com-
pact 32-kHz crystal oscillator (XO) with intrinsic start-up
capability for real-time clock (RTC) applications. The key idea
is to operate a Pierce oscillator in a class-C-like fashion, with
a digitally defined conduction angle generated based on the
current oscillation amplitude. Hence, the XO can start-up when
no oscillation is present and boosts its energy e fficiency as the
oscillation amplitude grows. Two circuit techniques based on the
use of c