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本文提出了一种用于传感器前端、功耗低于1μW的斩波放大器，采用基于逆变器的0.2V供电输入级，实现了36nV/√Hz的低输入参考噪声。该设计解决了低带宽无线传感器节点中前端放大器功耗与噪声之间的瓶颈问题，适用于EEG监测等应用。
In low-bandwidth, low-noise applications of wireless sensor nodes, the sensor front-end amplifier presents a power-consumption bottleneck since its current draw is noise-limited and cannot be scaled with the low data-rate, as is possible with the DSP and RF blocks. EEG monitoring is one application where designers have targeted sub-microvolt input-referred noise over a signal band of 0.5 to 100Hz [1]. Prior work to improve the energy-efficiency of low-noise instrumentation amplifiers (LNIAs) for sensors includes chopper IAs [1,2], inverter-based LNAs [3], current-reuse through amplifier stacking [4], and low-supply-voltage amplifier design reaching 0.45V [5]. This work presents an analog front-end (AFE) that achieves a Power Efficiency Figure (PEF, also known as NEF2VDD [5]) of 1.6 by using a chopper LNIA with a 0.2V-supply inverter-based input stage followed by a 0.8V-supply foldedcascode common-source (FCCS) stage as shown in Fig. 5.4.1. The high inputstage current needed to reduce t
Frank M. Yaul, Anantha P. Chandrakasan
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA