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本文提出一种无需稳压器的亚0.5V晶体振荡器，用于能量收集的蓝牙低功耗无线电。通过双模式跨导方案和可缩放自参考啁啾注入技术，解决了在变化电源电压下的启动和稳态挑战，实现了14.2nJ的启动能量。
Instituto Superior Tecnico/University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal 1 2 This paper reports a regulation-free sub-0.5V crystal oscillator (XO) for Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) radios [1] that can be self-powered by harvesting the ambient energies, avoiding the loss and cost of the interim power converters. An ultralow-voltage Dual-Mode gm Scheme assisted by Scalable Self-reference Chirp Injection (SSCI) is proposed (Fig. 3.2.1) for the XO to surmount the operating challenges under an inconstant sub-0.5V VDD (e.g. thermoelectric [2], ~80mV/K dependence) in both startup and steady states. Compatibility with different crystals (16/24MHz) is achieved, together with lower startup energy (14.2nJ) and steady-state power (31.8μW) than the recent art [3-5]. When an energy-limited BLE radio is duty-cycled to save the average power, both the startup energy (ES) and time (tS) of its XO are crucial to reduce the response
Ka-Meng Lei1, Pui-In Mak1, Man-Kay Law1, Rui P. Martins1,2
University of Macau, Macau, China