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该论文提出了一种基于脉冲宽度调制（PWM）的CMOS图像传感器，采用动态像素读出和无静态偏置电流设计，在1.35V低电压供电下实现了3.6pW/frame·pixel的超低功耗。解决了传统像素中静态偏置电流导致功耗高的问题，使传感器兼容深亚微米逻辑工艺，适用于一次性医疗相机和自主无线安全相机等新应用。
compatible with deep submicron logic circuits enables new imager applications, such as disposable medical cameras and autonomous wireless security cameras on a chip. Pulse width modulation (PWM) [1-2] is promising for this purpose. A PWM pixel can convert light intensity to a digital pulse width by using an in-pixel comparator with a low power-supply voltage without any degradation of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The benefit comes from a small jitter noise in pulse coding, which is suppressed by using a voltage gain larger than unity for the in-pixel comparator. In contrast, the source-follower used in a CMOS active pixel sensor (APS) suffers from degraded SNR due to its gain being less than unity. One of the critical issues in PWM imagers is pixel size [2-3]. To
Keiichiro Kagawa1, 2, Sanshiro Shishido1, Masahiro Nunoshita1, Jun Ohta1, 1
Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan Osaka University, Suita, Japan 2 Low-power operation of CMOS imagers using a low voltage (around 1V or less)