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该论文提出一种基于天线反射器切换的近场调制技术，能够在近场区域产生空间上独立控制的信号，从而突破传统发射机信号在所有方向携带相同信息的限制。通过切换天线附近的反射器状态，实现不同角度的信号独立调制，为空间复用和方向图合成提供新思路。
In typical radio transmitters, the signal is modulated at lower frequencies and then up-converted, amplified, and radiated by an antenna. In the absence of multi-path, receivers at different angles observe the same modulated signal, only different in gain factor and time delay. Although a directional antenna radiates more power in some angles than others, the signal transmitted to any direction still carries the same information that, in principle, can be recovered with a sensitive receiver. This paper presents a near-field reflector switching technique that can generate independently controlled modulated signals for sufficiently different angles of radiation. This technique can be used either to transmit different data in different directions simultaneously, or to generate the correct signal constellation only in the desired direction and scrambled ones for other angles, creating a secure communication link. This approach is also conducive to
Aydin Babakhani, David B. Rutledge, Ali Hajimiri
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA