Masao Taguchi, Hiroki Ishikuro, Tadahiro Kuroda and negative pulses are received for each bit due to Manchester encoding, error propagation can be limited within two bits. Therefore, FEC techniques can be applied. If the Manchester encoding is done with oversampling at a frequency of N-times the data rate, one bit of the data is represented as N pulses. By passing the signal through an N-bit majority voting filter at the receiver, errors less than (N-1)/2 bits are corrected. Accordingly, if N≥5, the remaining two-bit errors are corrected by the majority voting filter. In this work, N is 5. Keio University, Yokohama, Japan Heavier wire harnesses decrease the fuel efficiency of vehicles. The number of wires has increased sharply with presently over one hundred electronic control units (ECUs). Connectors also add to the weight (Fig. 30.6.1(a)). The connectors used in vehicles occupy a considerable space because heavy protection is
Atsutake Kosuge, Shu Ishizuka, Lechang Liu, Akira Okada,