A 0.954nW 32kHz Crystal Oscillator in 22nm CMOS with Gm-C-Based Current Injection Control

📋 论文概要

该论文提出了一种工作在22nm CMOS工艺下的32kHz晶体振荡器，总功耗仅为0.954nW。通过采用基于Gm-C的电流注入控制技术，有效解决了传统脉冲注入晶体振荡器在超低功耗下的频率稳定性和启动问题。

💡 主要创新点

• 提出Gm-C电流注入控制方法，实现亚纳瓦级功耗下精确的能量补充。
• 在22nm CMOS工艺中实现了0.954nW的超低功耗32kHz晶体振荡器。
• 相比传统皮尔斯振荡器启动方案，脉冲注入结构大幅降低了静态功耗。

🏷 关键词

📄 原文摘要

oscillators (XOs) [1-5] are essential in wirelessly linked IoT nodes: for time-keeping purposes, they need to consume low power since they stay always-on and remain accurate to reduce synchronization guard time [6]. In recent years, pulse-injection-based XOs (PIXOs) have gained attention for their nW-level low power with good frequency stability. Typically implemented with a classic pierce oscillator for startup, these designs aim to take over the established parallel oscillation and replenish only the energy loss in the crystal by injecting short current pulses at the oscillating nodes’ voltage peaks and valleys. They promise lower power consumption since they don’t rely on a small-signal negative resistance that requires a high static bias current,

👥 作者与机构

Yihan Zhang1, You You1, Wenjie Ren1, Xinhang Xu1, Linxiao Shen1,

Jiayoon Ru1, Ru Huang1, Le Ye1,2 Peking University, Beijing, China Advanced Institute of Information Technology of Peking University, Hangzhou, China 1 2 Ultra-low-power (ULP) crystal