ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
A CMOS Neural Probe with 1280 Electrodes and 88 Emission Sites Featuring Thermo-Optic Switching and On-Chip Calibration for Dual-Wavelength Optogenetics
Harrie A. C. Tilmans, Anabel De Proft, Barundeb Dutta, Carolina Mora Lopez imec, Heverlee, Belgium *Equally Credited Authors (ECAs) Abstract We present a waveguide-based optogenetics neural probe with 1,280 electrodes, 3
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
An 80×80μm2/Pixel 55.48dB-Wide-DR 400-Pixel Subretinal Prosthesis SoC with Power-Aware Light Adaptation and Charge-Recycling Local Dynamic Supply
Abstract We propose a light-adaptive retinal prosthesis (LARP) SoC, which employs power-aware light adaptation achieving a wide light-sensing DR of 55.48dB. Pixel clustering enables a compact pixel size of 80×80μm2, enha
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
A 90.7%-Efficiency Hybrid Optogenetic Stimulation System with Sub-Threshold Electrical Stimuli Achieving 70.6% Optical Energy Saving
Abstract This work presents a hybrid optogenetic stimulation system with sub-threshold electrical stimuli that lower the optical threshold and reduce energy consumption. It achieves 90.75% LED driving efficiency through
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
A Sparsity-Aware Neural Interface with CIM-Based Predictive Focused Sampling for Hotspot Spike Tracking
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 4Soochow University, Suzhou, China *Equally Credited Authors (ECAs) 1 3 Abstract This 1024-electrode neural interface solves the power, area, and bandwidth bottleneck by combi
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
A 185.6dB-FOMDR 180.3dB-FOMSNDR 10.64-NEF NS-SAR-ADC with Calibration-Free 2nd-Order kT/C-Noise Shaping for Wearable ExG Acquisition
Abstract To enable high-fidelity wearable ExG acquisition, this paper presents an NS-SAR ADC that performs 2nd-order shaping of both quantization and kT/C noises through a multi-tasking integrator (MTI) and loop dynamics
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
ANP-OT: A 0.17nW/Synapse 0.46pJ/SOP Neuromorphic Olfactory Processor with On-Chip Transfer Learning for Non-Invasive Cross-Hospital Cross-Pulmonary-Disease Diagnosis
Shijiazhuang, China National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan *Equally Credited Authors (ECAs) 1 4 Abstract This paper reports an olfactory processor with on-chip transfer learning for cross-hospital and cross-pulmo
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
A 16.4nJ/Class Patient-Independent Prototype-Based Spatio-Temporal CNN Processor with Forward-Inference-Based Adaptation for Robust and Low-Latency Seizure Detection
Abstract We present a patient-independent, prototype-based spatio-temporal CNN processor for seizure detection, achieving high accuracy without patient-specific data, at an energy of 16.4nJ/class and latency of <120ms. A
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
A Neural Interface SoC for Smart Glasses with Low-Power Neural Commanding and Efficient LoRA-Enabled On-Chip Learning
*Equally Credited Authors (ECAs) 1 Abstract This work presents a 65nm ExG SoC for smart glasses, enabling low-power neural interaction. A 10-ch AFE and on-chip CNN deliver real-time EOG/EMG/EEG inference. Ondevice contin
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
A 0.62μW/sensor 82fps Time-to-Digital Impedance Measurement IC with Unified Excitation/Readout Front-End for Large-Scale Piezo-Resistive Sensor Array
Abstract This paper presents a fast impedance-measurement IC for large-scale piezo-resistive sensor arrays. It features a unified differential time-to-digital demodulation architecture that reads out impedance directly t
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
A 43.8-to-662.0μW 27.5-to-878.9fps Frame-Rate-Scalable Duty-Cycled Electrical Impedance Tomography System with MIMO Current-Balancing IA
*Equally Credited Authors (ECAs) 1 Abstract This paper presents a frame-rate-scalable duty-cycled electrical impedance tomography system to reduce average power consumption. A proposed multiple-input multiple-output curr
ISSCC 2026
Session 36
AI / ML
ReFIND: A Resolution-Reconfigurable Bio-Signal Classification SoC Enabling >10× Savings in AFE Power per Channel
Abstract This work presents ReFIND, an SoC integrating together 16 resolution-reconfigurable AFEs, a feature extractor, and a classifier. The VCO ADC architecture trades power for resolution by scaling the integration ti
ISSCC 2026
Session 31
AI / ML
A 28nm Speculative-Decoding LLM Processor Achieving 105-to-685μs/Token Latency for Billion-Parameter Models
Abstract LLMs face decoding bottlenecks. Speculative Decoding (SD) reduces latency via a small draft model for serial decoding and a large target model to verify in parallel. Despite this advantage, it still suffers from
ISSCC 2026
Session 31
AI / ML
Tri-Oracle: A 17.78μJ/Token Vision-Language Model Accelerator with Token-Attention-Weight Redundancy Prediction
Abstract This paper presents Tri-Oracle, a VLM accelerator exploiting token, attention, and weight redundancies. A Token Merging Unit (TMU) merges 68% of redundant tokens. An Attention Head Prediction Unit (AHPU) predict
ISSCC 2026
Session 31
AI / ML
SoulMate: A 9.8mW Mobile Intelligence System-on-Chip with Mixed-Rank Architecture for On-Device LLM Personalization
Abstract This work presents SoulMate, a fully on-device mobile intelligence system-on-chip, integrating retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and fine tuning of a personal LLM. SoulMate is fabricated in 28nm CMOS with a n
ISSCC 2026
Session 30
AI / ML
A 1.2GHz 12.77GB/s/mm2 3D Two-DRAM-One-Logic Process-Near-Memory Chip for Edge LLM Applications
Sciences, Beijing, China, 3Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai, China Xi’an UniIC Semiconductors, Xi’an, China 1 4 Abstract A high-bandwidth-density (12.77GB/s/mm2) high-memory-density (99.4Mb/mm2) lowenergy-consumption (0.6
ISSCC 2026
Session 30
AI / ML
A 16Mb 166.8TOPS/W Near-Memory Phase-Domain-Computing Ferroelectric NAND Flash for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search on Edge Devices
2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Columbia University, New York, NY *Equally Credited Authors (ECAs) 1 3 Abstract Previous near-memory computing (NMC) or in-memory-computing (IMC) NANDs suffers f
ISSCC 2026
Session 30
AI / ML
A 16nm 72kb 120.5TFLOPS/W Versatile-Format Dual-Representation Gain-Cell CIM Macro for General Purpose AI Tasks
Yao-Kai Yeh1, De-Qi You1, Ashwin Sanjay Lele3, Brian Crafton3, Bo Zhang3, Ping-Sheng Wu2, Ya-Tang Yang1, Chung-Chuan Lo1, Ren-Shuo Liu1, Chih-Cheng Hsieh1, Kea-Tiong Tang1, Meng-Fan Chang1,2 National Tsing Hua University
ISSCC 2026
Session 30
AI / ML
A 28nm 106.85TOPS/W and 77.68TFLOPS/W CIM Macro with Stage-Wise-Enabled Lossless Compressors Based on Sign-Bit-Embedded Transition-Counting-Lines for Edge-AI Devices
Abstract This paper proposes a bit-parallel digital CIM macro featuring a lossless compressor based on transition-counting-lines (TCLs) for bit-column addition. The bus TCL incorporates signbit extension to support signe
ISSCC 2026
Session 30
AI / ML
A 22nm 96Mb 50.6-to-90.2TFLOPS/W Non-Linear MLC ReRAM CIM Macro with High-Retention for Mamba/Transformer/CNN
Jen-Chun Tien1, De-Qi You1, Ping-Sheng Wu2, Bo Zhang3, Ren-Shuo Liu1, Chih-Cheng Hsieh1, Kea-Tiong Tang1, Meng-Fan Chang1,2 National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2TSMC Corporate Research, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 3TSMC
ISSCC 2026
Session 30
AI / ML
A 12nm 4Mb 104.56-to-137.75TFLOPS/W Charge-Trap Transistor-Based Computing-in-Memory Macro Using Analog-Predict-DigitalCompute for AI Edge Devices
2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Columbia University, New York, NY *Equally Credited Authors (ECAs) 1 3 Abstract Previous non-volatile CIM (nvCIM) macros suffer from low storage density, unneces
ISSCC 2026
Session 30
AI / ML
A 28nm 127.54TFLOPS/W MXFP6 and 117.42TFLOPS/W MXFP8 Compute-in-Memory Macro with Adaptive-Preserved-Bit-Width and Serial-Dual-Bit-Sliding Schemes
China, 3Xiaomi, Beijing, China, 4Peking University, Beijing, China 1 Abstract Conventional FP-CIMs suffer from fixed preserved bit-width (PBW), limiting their adaptability and efficiency. This work proposes the first MXF
ISSCC 2026
Session 27
AI / ML
A 17.9-to-22.4GHz 195.6±1.3dBc/Hz FoM Quad-Core Class-F-1 VCO Featuring Improved Synchronization Using a Circular Pentafilar Transformer-Based Tank
Abstract A 17.9-to-22.4GHz quad-core inverse-Class-F VCO achieving PN of −145.6 to −141dBc/Hz and an FoM of 194.3 to 196.9dBc/Hz is reported. The VCO features a circular pentafilar transformer tank that provides high Q1/
ISSCC 2026
Session 24
AI / ML
A Touch-Embedded OLED Display-Driver IC with Display Noise Referencing and Display Coupling Noise Prediction Based on Dedicated Neural Networks for Mobile Applications with CoE Display
controller to overcome the interference issue between touch and display electrodes. In addition, an analog frontend (AFE) circuit is introduced to suppress coupling noise from display, and a dedicated neural network engi
ISSCC 2026
Session 20
AI / ML
A Compact 26/38GHz-Reconfigurable Dual-Band Low-Noise Amplifier Using Transformer-Based Pole-Zero-Inversion Image-Rejection Technique Achieving >39/41dB IRR for 5G Multi-Band Applications
Abstract This paper presents a compact 26/38GHz reconfigurable dual-band low-noise amplifier (LNA) for a narrow-LO dual-side mixing. By adopting a transformer-based pole-zeroinversion image-rejection technique, the LNA a
ISSCC 2026
Session 2
AI / ML
Tiamat: A 98-to-134ms/Step Transformer-Based Diffusion Model Processor Supporting Classifier-Free Guidance for Image Generation
Abstract A 16nm FinFET transformer-based diffusion model processor chip is fabricated for supporting class-conditional DiT-XL/2 and text-to-image PixArt-α with 98ms and 134ms generation time per step with 7.37TOPS and 14
ISSCC 2026
Session 2
AI / ML
UniC-Vision: A 14.4Gb/s 7.3pJ/b Universal Vision Transformer OFDM Channel Estimation Accelerator for B5G/6G AI-RAN
Abstract This work presents an AI-RAN channel estimation accelerator for next-generation communications, offering hyper reliability, low latency, and universal frequency range coverage, thereby meeting B5G/6G requirement
ISSCC 2026
Session 19
AI / ML
A Fully Integrated Bidirectional 5-Level Isolated DC-DC Converter with 42.5% Efficiency and 170mW/mm2 Transformer Power Density
Abstract This work presents a bidirectional 5kV-isolated DC-DC converter, fully-integrated in a 180nm SOI CMOS process. The design uses a distributed multi-winding transformer to maximize utilization of the standard on-c
ISSCC 2026
Session 19
AI / ML
A 68%-Peak-Efficiency Single-Transformer Multi-Output Isolated DC-DC Converter with a Regulated Negative Rail
*Equally Credited Authors (ECAs) 1 Abstract This paper presents a single-transformer multi-output isolated DC-DC converter generating three regulated rails (+15V, −5V, and +5V) from wide 12/24V inputs. By sharing a commo
ISSCC 2026
Session 18
AI / ML
SpikeRAM: A 48.1pW/Synapse/Bit Event-Driven Spiking Compute-Near/In-Memory Processor with Neuromorphic Sensor Enabling Life-Long On-Chip Learning
Switzerland, 5SynSense, Ningbo, China 1 4 Abstract SpikeRAM is a high efficiency (48.1pW/Synapse/Bit) memory-centric neuromorphic system with perception, computing and on-chip learning, achieving 464M synapses and 8.28mW
ISSCC 2026
Session 18
AI / ML
A 22nm 1.87ms/Frame Streaming Multi-Speaker ASR Accelerator Leveraging Contextual-Aware Redundancy Skipping with 2D-Writable Microscaling Compute-in-Memory and Similarity-Aware TCAM Design
*Equally Credited Authors (ECAs) Abstract This paper presents a DCIM-based accelerator for on-device streaming multi-speaker ASR (MS-ASR), featuring: 1) a context-aware redundancy skipping scheme with online sparse block
ISSCC 2026
Session 16
AI / ML
Fully Integrated mm-Scale 5G RF MIMO Harvester with -40dBm Sensitivity and Spatial MPPT via Hybrid Transformer-Based Combining/Shifting
Abstract A MIMO RF harvester in the 5G 28-GHz band with spatial MPPT is introduced to self-align high-gain harvesting direction with maximum power availability. Spatial scanning is enabled by a hybrid 2-level RF/DC anten
ISSCC 2026
Session 12
AI / ML
A 10.2-to-16.2GHz Dual-Mode-Transformer-Based Wideband Series-Resonance VCO Achieving >201.1dBc/Hz FoMT at a 10MHz Offset
Abstract This work presents a 28nm CMOS SR-VCO enabled by a dual-mode transformer with magnetic control, achieving a wide tuning range of 10.2 to 16.2GHz (45.2%) and a high FoMT/FoMAT@10MHz of 201.1/207.7dBc/Hz. A transf
ISSCC 2026
Session 10
AI / ML
PCIM-SAT: A 55nm Probabilistic K-SAT Solver with p-Bit-Based Parallel-Variable Update on a Mixed-Signal Compute-in-Memory Architecture
Abstract We present a 55nm mixed-signal K-SAT solver with parallel-variable update algorithm for improved convergence and a compute-in-memory fabric that maps arbitrary-order K-SAT instances without preprocessing. It sol
ISSCC 2025
Session 8
AI / ML
Run-Time Power Management System by On-Die Power Sensor with Silicon Machine Learning-Based Calibration in a 3nm Octa-Core CPU
Yuju Cho1, Rex Che-Yuan Liu1, Ericbill Wang1, You-Ming Tsao1, Hugh Mair2, Shih-Arn Hwang1 MediaTek, Hsinchu, Taiwan MediaTek, Austin, TX 1 2 For flagship smartphones, the gaming experience has become one of essential dem
ISSCC 2025
Session 37
AI / ML
A 22nm 60.81TFLOPS/W Diffusion Accelerator with Bandwidth-Aware Memory Partition and BL-Segmented Compute-in-Memory for Efficient Multi-Task Content Generation
Initially applied for image synthesis [1], Diffusion Models (DMs) have been rapidly expanded into many content-generation tasks, e.g. 3D scenes [2-3] or video [4], and deliver exceptional performance. Figure 37.6.1 provi
ISSCC 2025
Session 37
AI / ML
Monolithic In-Memory Computing Microprocessor for End-to-End DNN Inferencing in MRAM-Embedded 28nm CMOS Technology with 1.1Mb Weight Storage
Hyungwoo Lee1, Wooseok Yi1, Seungchul Jung1, Daekun Yoon1, Shinhee Han3, Saeyoon Chung3, Kilho Lee3, Jeong-Heon Park3, Kangho Lee3, Sang Joon Kim1, Donhee Ham1,4 Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Korea Seo
ISSCC 2025
Session 32
AI / ML
A 2W 53.2%-Peak-Efficiency Multi-Core Isolated DC-DC Converter with Embedded Magnetic-Core Transformer Achieving CISPR-32 Class-B EMI Compliance and <5mV Ripple
Hefei CLT Microelectronics, Hefei, China 1 2 Integrated isolated DC-DC converters, using either on-chip [1-4] or package transformers [5-7], have been developed to minimize size and cost while achieving isolation ratings
ISSCC 2025
Session 23
AI / ML
A 28nm 0.22µJ/Token Memory-Compute-Intensity-Aware CNN-Transformer Accelerator with Hybrid-Attention-Based Layer-Fusion and Cascaded Pruning for Semantic-Segmentation
Luhong Liang2, Yitong Zhou2, Di Pang2, Man-To Yung2, Dong Zhang1,2, Xijie Huang1,2, Shih-Yang Liu1,2, Yongkun Wu1,2, Fengshi Tian1,2, Chi-Ying Tsui1,2, Fengbin Tu1,2, Kwang-Ting Cheng1,2 The Hong Kong University of Scien
ISSCC 2025
Session 23
AI / ML
T-REX: A 68-to-567µs/Token 0.41-to-3.95µJ/Token Transformer Accelerator with Reduced External Memory Access and Enhanced Hardware Utilization in 16nm FinFET
revolutionized a wide range of AI applications, which motivates a surge in research to develop energy-efficient hardware accelerators. Most prior efforts have concentrated on enhancing on-chip computational energy effici
ISSCC 2025
Session 2
AI / ML
A 16nm 5.7TOPS CNN Processor Supporting Bi-Directional FPN for Small-Object Detection on High-Resolution Videos
Kai-Feng Chang1, Yu-Ching Su1, Tsung-Han Hsieh1, Yu-Kuan Jian1, Wen-Ching Chen2, Nian-Shyang Chang2, Chun-Pin Lin2, Chi-Shi Chen2, Chao-Tsung Huang1 National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan Taiwan Semiconductor Res
ISSCC 2025
Session 16
AI / ML
An On-Device Generative AI Focused Neural Processing Unit in 4nm Flagship Mobile SoC with Fan-Out Wafer-Level Package
Mookyung Kang, Heeseok Lee, Jinwon Kang, Taeho Jeon, Dongwoo Lee, Yesung Kang, Kyungmok Kum, Geunwon Lee, Hongki Lee, Minkyu Kim, Suknam Kwon, Sung-beom Park, Dongkeun Kim, Chulmin Jo, HyukJun Chung, Ilryoung Kim , Jongy
ISSCC 2025
Session 16
AI / ML
RNGD: A 5nm Tensor-Contraction Processor for Power-Efficient Inference on Large Language Models
Byeongwook Bae1, Yojung Cha1, Wooyoung Choe1, Jonguk Choi1, Younggeun Choi1, Ki Jin Han2, Seokha Hwang1, Kiseok Jang1, Jaewoo Jeon1, Hyunmin Jeong1, Yeonsu Jung1, Hyewon Kim1, Sewon Kim1, Suhyung Kim1, Won Kim1, Yongseun
ISSCC 2025
Session 15
AI / ML
A 4.6µW 3.3-NEF Biopotential Amplifier with 133VPP Common-Mode Interference Tolerance and 102dB Total Common-Mode Rejection Ratio for Two-Electrode Recording System
crucial in delivering vital information for medical diagnostics and research applications. Recently, the demand for biopotential recording using two electrodes has grown thanks to its better user experience and lower cos
ISSCC 2025
Session 15
AI / ML
A 3.47 NEF 175.2dB FOMS Direct Digitization Front-End Featuring Delta Amplification for Enhanced Dynamic Range and Energy Efficiency in Bio-Signal Acquisition
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA In addition, the first-stage amplifier bandwidth is set slightly below the Nyquist rate (100kHz), preventing aliasing of thermal noise and input interference. Therefore, the input
ISSCC 2025
Session 15
AI / ML
Event-Based Spatially Zooming Neural Interface IC with 10nW/Input Reconfigurable-Inverter Fabric and Input-Adaptive Quantization
Yu Huang1, Junyu Ma1, Chae Lim1, Lingyun Xu1, Shucheng Gong1, Weian Deng1, Qiaosong Deng1, Jin Che1, Sudip Nag1, Joshua Olorocisimo1, Rhianna Singh1, Yanze Wang1, Jose Sales Filho1, Mandana Mohaved2, Homeira Moradi2, Geo
ISSCC 2025
Session 15
AI / ML
A Neuroprosthetic SoC with Sensory Feedback Featuring Frequency-Splitting-Based Wireless Power Transfer with 200Mb/s 0.67pJ/b Backscatter Data Uplink and Unsupervised Multi-Class Spike Sorting
Swarnava Ghosh1, Eric Liu1, Naize Yang1, Junyu Ma1, Hanfeng Cai1, Laura Kondrataviciute1,2, Qiaosong Deng1, Suneil K. Kalia1,2, Andrew G. Richardson3, Ping-Hsuan Hsieh4, Roman Genov1, Xilin Liu1 University of Toronto, To
ISSCC 2025
Session 15
AI / ML
A 65nm Uncertainty-Quantifiable Ventricular Arrhythmia Detection Engine with 1.75µJ per Inference
for preventing Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) by identifying life-threatening heart rhythms, such as ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) [1], and enabling timely intervention via implantable cardio
ISSCC 2025
Session 15
AI / ML
A 1024-Channel 0.00029mm2/ch 74nW/ch Online Spatial Spike-Sorting Chip with Event-Driven Spike Detection and Self-Organizing Map Clustering
Next-generation brain-computer interfaces will enable motor and speech decoding in humans [1-3] and improve our understanding of brain function [4]. To achieve this requires high-density multi-electrode arrays (HD-MEA) [
ISSCC 2025
Session 15
AI / ML
A 3.9mW 200words/min Neural Signal Processor in Speech Decoding for Brain-Machine Interface
Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) are a promising technology that can be applied to AR/VR interfaces, neural prostheses, and machine control. Figure 15.1.1 shows BMI systems based on the source of decoded neural activities
ISSCC 2025
Session 14
AI / ML
A 28nm 64kb Bit-Rotated Hybrid-CIM Macro with an Embedded Sign-Bit-Processing Array and a Multi-Bit-Fusion Dual-Granularity Cooperative Quantizer
Yuhui Shi, Lizheng Ren, Yibo Mai, Feiran Liu, Jinwu Chen, Zhaoyang Zhang, An Guo, Tianzhu Xiong, Bo Wang, Xinning Liu, Weiwei Shan, Bo Liu, Hao Cai, Jun Yang, Xin Si Southeast University, Nanjing, China Hybrid-domain CIM
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