ISSCC 2020
Session 3
Analog Circuits
An Integrated BAW Oscillator with <±30ppm Frequency
Danielle Griffith1, Ernest Ting-Ta Yen2, Kaichien Tsai1, Habeeb Ur Rahman Mohammed1, Baher Haroun1, Ali Kiaei2, Ahmad Bahai2 Texas Instruments, Dallas, TX; 2Texas Instruments, Santa Clara, CA 1 Wireless sensor nodes with
ISSCC 2020
Session 23
Analog Circuits
A 41µW 16MS/s 99.2dB-SFDR Capacitively Degenerated Dynamic Amplifier with Nonlinear-Slope-Factor Compensation
performance in analog front-ends and ADCs must have sufficiently low noise and high linearity to achieve overall system performance targets. Achieving the target noise level requires a certain amount of power, but nonlin
ISSCC 2020
Session 23
Analog Circuits
A 130dB CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier with Common-Mode Replication
Interfacing with high-impedance sensors, such as dry-contacted electrodes and accelerometers requires high CMRR with sufficient input impedance concurrently. From the system point of view, the total CMRR (TCMRR) is deter
ISSCC 2020
Session 23
Analog Circuits
A 2pA/√Hz Transimpedance Amplifier for Miniature Ultrasound Probes with 36dB Continuous-Time Gain Compensation
ultrasound probes, such as the intra-cardiac echography (ICE) probe shown in Fig. 23.6.1, increasingly employ in-probe ASICs to interface with the elements of an ultrasound transducer array to improve signal quality and
ISSCC 2020
Session 23
Analog Circuits
A 0.41mA Quiescent Current, 0.00091% THD+N ClassD Audio Amplifier with Frequency Equalization for PWMResidual-Aliasing Reduction
a pulse-width-modulation (PWM) modulator and a switching power stage is commonly adopted since it effectively suppresses the power-stage nonlinearity to improve total harmonic distortion plus noise (THD+N). However, unle
ISSCC 2020
Session 23
Analog Circuits
A 28W -108.9dB/-102.2dB THD/THD+N Hybrid ΔΣ-PWM Class-D Audio Amplifier with 91% Peak Efficiency and Reduced EMI Emission around two-stage feedforward OTAs which together draw 1.8mA from a 1.8V supply. This combination of multilevel quantization together with a high fS results in a loop gain of >76dB (26dB higher than [6]) in the audio band irrespective of process spread, thus ensuring high linearity.
Lucien Breems2, Marco Berkhout3, Qinwen Fan1, Kofi A.A. Makinwa1 The fully differential H-bridge output stage is shown in Fig. 23.4.1. It consists of four identical N-LDMOS devices (MH and ML) with an RON of ~100m$, whic
ISSCC 2020
Session 23
Analog Circuits
A 0-to-60V-Input VCM Coulomb Counter with SignalDependent Supply Current and ±0.5% Gain Inaccuracy from -50°C to 125°C Caspar van Vroonhoven
charge, (SOC). A straightforward way to determine SOC is to keep track of the current flowing in and out of a battery, a method known as coulomb counting. Compared to other methods such as voltage or impedance monitoring
ISSCC 2020
Session 23
Analog Circuits
A 70µW 1.19mm2 Wireless Sensor with 32 Channels of Resistive and Capacitive Sensors and Edge-Encoded PWM UWB Transceiver
Emerging wireless multi-channel resistive and capacitive (RC) sensor interface circuits provide opportunities for various applications such as environmental monitoring [1], wearable [2] and human-computer interaction [3]
ISSCC 2020
Session 23
Analog Circuits
A 4GS/s 80dB DR Current-Domain Analog Front-End for Phase-Coded Pulse-Compression Direct Time-of-Flight Automotive LiDAR
Ken Wojciechowski, Christoph Lang Robert Bosch, Sunnyvale, CA LiDARs enable long-distance ranging at high spatial resolution and moderate computational effort. Pulsed-LiDARs measuring the direct-time-of-flight (dTOF) per
ISSCC 2019
Session 18
Analog Circuits
A 192pW Hybrid Bandgap-Vth Reference with Process Dependence Compensated by a Dimension-Induced Side-Effect
various internal voltages. Since it consumes static power in standby modes, it plays an important role in energy management of battery-limited applications. The bandgap reference (BGR) has been a widely used approach sin
ISSCC 2019
Session 18
Analog Circuits
A 32MHz Crystal Oscillator with Fast Start-up Using Synchronized Signal Injection
Dialog Semiconductor, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands 1 2 Low-power sensor nodes (e.g. Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE) use low duty-cycle transceivers to obtain an overall low power consumption. The system typically spends
ISSCC 2019
Session 18
Analog Circuits
A 54MHz Crystal Oscillator with 30× Start-Up Time Reduction Using 2-Step Injection in 65nm CMOS
bottleneck in reducing the average power of heavily duty-cycled wireless/wireline communication systems [1]. Among all the reported schemes to reduce TSTART, techniques that increase initial noise amplitude by injecting
ISSCC 2019
Session 18
Analog Circuits
A 0.55nW/0.5V 32kHz Crystal Oscillator Based on a DC-Only Sustaining Amplifier for IoT
An always-ON, stable, 32kHz crystal oscillator (XO) provides key time-keeping, synchronization, and sleep-timer functions in most electronic systems. Ultra-low power (ULP) consumption of the XO is critical in highly duty
ISSCC 2019
Session 18
Analog Circuits
An Auto-Zero Stabilized Voltage Buffer with a Quiet Chopping Scheme and Constant Input Current
The readout of high-impedance sensors and sampled voltage references [1] requires amplifiers that can achieve both low offset and low input current. Recently, it has been shown that this unique combination can be achieved
ISSCC 2019
Session 18
Analog Circuits
A 16fJ/Conversion-Step Time-Domain Two-Step Capacitance-to-Digital Converter
Boston, MA 1 2 Capacitive sensors are widely used to measure various physical quantities, including pressure, humidity [1], and displacement [2]. Ultra-low-power capacitance-to-digital converters (CDCs) are required for
ISSCC 2019
Session 18
Analog Circuits
A -105dBc THD+N (-114dBc HD2) at 2.8VPP Swing and 120dB DR Audio Decoder with Sample-and-Hold Noise Filtering and Poly Resistor Linearization Schemes
Three major design issues that arise for high-fidelity audio decoders are: 1) DAC reference noise limiting achievable SNR [1,2]; 2) THD+N degradation at large output swing [3,4]; and 3) Distortion arising from limited amp
ISSCC 2018
Session 3
Analog Circuits
A Low-Power 3.25GS/s 4th-Order Programmable Analog FIR Filter Using Split-CDAC Coefficient Multipliers for Wideband Analog Signal Processing
Discrete-time (DT) circuits provide a means to overcome the analog-circuit design challenges in deeply scaled digital CMOS technologies while benefitting from the reduced switch on-resistance and parasitic capacitance, r
ISSCC 2018
Session 3
Analog Circuits
A 0.96mA Quiescent Current, 0.0032% THD+N, 1.45W Class-D Audio Amplifier with Area-Efficient PWMResidual-Aliasing Reduction
Low quiescent current (IQ) is critical for Class-D audio amplifiers in mobile devices to extend battery usage time [1], since typical audio signals have a high crest factor of 10 to 20dB. In addition, low distortion is a
ISSCC 2018
Session 3
Analog Circuits
A 0.0004% (-108dB) THD+N, 112dB-SNR, 3.15W Fully Differential Class-D Audio Amplifier with Gm Noise Cancellation and Negative Output-Common-Mode Injection Techniques
techniques are commonly adopted approaches to mitigate 1/f noise. However, the choppers are seldom used in pulse-width-modulation (PWM) Class-D audio amplifiers (CDAs) because the conventional chopping method applied in
ISSCC 2018
Session 3
Analog Circuits
A 2×20W 0.0013% THD+N Class-D Audio Amplifier with Consistent Performance up to Maximum Power Level
Michael Clifford, Pete Rathfelder, Qiyuan Liu, Siddartha Kavilipati, Aaron Vandergriff, Gerald Miaille Qualcomm, Tempe, AZ Conventional Class-D amplifiers, although more power efficient than Class-AB amplifiers, typicall
ISSCC 2018
Session 3
Analog Circuits
A CMOS Dual-RC Frequency Reference with ±250ppm Inaccuracy from -45°C to 85°C
To comply with wired communication standards such as USB, SATA and PCI/PCIE, systems-on-chip require frequency references with better than 300ppm accuracy. LC-based references achieve 100ppm accuracy [1], but suffer from
ISSCC 2018
Session 3
Analog Circuits
A Regulation-Free Sub-0.5V 16/24MHz Crystal Oscillator for Energy-Harvesting BLE Radios with 14.2nJ Startup Energy and 31.8µW Steady-State Power
Instituto Superior Tecnico/University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal 1 2 This paper reports a regulation-free sub-0.5V crystal oscillator (XO) for Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) radios [1] that can be self-powered by harvesting
ISSCC 2018
Session 3
Analog Circuits
A Quiet Digitally Assisted Auto-Zero-Stabilized Voltage Buffer with 0.6pA Input Current and 0.6µV Offset
The readout of high impedance sensors and sampled voltage references [1] requires amplifiers with both low offset and low input current. Chopper amplifiers can achieve low offset, but the switching of their input chopper
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
An 18.75μW Dynamic-Distributing-Bias Temperature Sensor with 0.87°C(3σ) Untrimmed Inaccuracy and 0.00946mm2 Area
The overall system mismatch will be averaged out through the lowpass digital counter, and the stable output codes can be obtained. The measured differences between the cases with and without the DEM are shown in Fig. 5.9
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 9.3nW All-in-One Bandgap Voltage and Current Reference Circuit
have presented challenges in ULP implementation of reference circuits while keeping traditional requirements of stable performance. For voltage reference circuits, as an essential block in SoCs to generate various intern
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 19nV/√Hz-Noise 2μV-Offset 75μA Low-Drift Capacitive-Gain Amplifier with Switched-Capacitor ADC Driving Capability
(CGA) with amplifier common-mode sampling (CMS) and switched-capacitor driving capability, compatible with many conventional switched-capacitor ADC inputs (SCAI) such as delta-sigma modulators or SAR ADCs. CGAs are popul
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 0.68nW/kHz Supply-Independent Relaxation Oscillator with ±0.49%/V and 96ppm/°C Stability
are attractive for integrated clock sources compared to LC and ring oscillators (RO), as LC oscillators pose integration challenges and RO designs have limited voltage and temperature (V-T) stability. RxOs generate a clo
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A Quadrature Relaxation Oscillator with a ProcessInduced Frequency-Error Compensation Loop
wearable and implantable technologies, there has been growing demand on development of key enabling circuits for ultra-low-power sensor interface SoCs. As a reference-frequency generation block for clock management of th
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
Frequency-Locked-Loop Ring Oscillator with 3ns Peak-to-Peak Accumulated Jitter in 1ms Time Window for High-Resolution Frequency Counting
Many sensing applications require a high-resolution frequency measurement. These applications include measurement of pressure, acceleration and eddycurrent sensing. In these applications the sensor is part of an oscillat
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 95μW 24MHz Digitally Controlled Crystal Oscillator for IoT Applications with 36nJ Start-Up Energy and >13× Start-Up Time Reduction Using A FullyAutonomous Dynamically-Adjusted Load
g., Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE) rely on heavily duty-cycling the wireless transceivers to reduce the overall system power consumption [1]. This requires swift start-up behavior of the transceiver. The crystal oscillator (
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
An 8Ω 10W 91%-Power-Efficiency 0.0023%-THD+N Multi-Level Class-D Audio Amplifier with Folded PWM
Yeunhee Huh, Kye-Seok Yoon, Jong-Beom Baek, Yong-Min Ju, Gibbeum Lee, Homin Park, Hyeon-Min Bae, Gyu-Hyeong Cho KAIST, Daejeon, Korea As the portable device market tries to enhance user experience, high-power audio syste
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 65nm Inverter-Based Low-Dropout Regulator with Rail-to-Rail Regulation and over -20dB PSR at 0.2V Lowest Supply Voltage
Ultra-low-voltage operation is highly demanded in a system that adopts the DVFS scheme, e.g., a portable device that sustains days-long standby with a tiny battery. Such a system usually embeds modules that have specific
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 1A LDO Regulator Driven by a 0.0013mm2 Class-D Controller
Marvell, Santa Clara, CA A low-dropout (LDO) regulator generates a DC supply for electronic systems. Today’s high-throughput wireless system-on-chips (SOCs) require large dynamic range of supply current, which demands a
ISSCC 2017
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 5×80W 0.004% THD+N Automotive Multiphase Class-D Audio Amplifier with Integrated Low-Latency ΔΣ ADCs for Digitized Feedback after the Output Filter problem, a special low-latency ΔΣ ADC (LLADC) is proposed with lowpass filtering DACs (FIRDACs) in its feedback path. By giving the digital filter the same transfer function as the FIRDAC, the overall signal transfer function (STF) becomes approximately flat with little phase shift, while HF quantization noise is reduced.
Remko van Heeswijk1, Marto-Jan Koerts1, Eric van Iersel1, Daniel Groeneveld2, Gertjan van Holland1, Patrick Zeelen1, Derk-Jan Hissink1, Martin Pos1, Paul Wielage1, Fre Jorritsma1, Marc Klein Middelink1 The ADC core (Fig.
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 24MHz Crystal Oscillator with Robust Fast Start-Up Using Dithered Injection
Wireless nodes in Internet-of-Everything (IoE) applications achieve low power consumption by operating the radio at very low duty cycles. The wireless node spends most of its time in sleep, waking only occasionally to tr
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 4.7nW 13.8ppm/°C Self-Biased Wakeup Timer Using a Switched-Resistor Scheme
under restricted battery capacity due to their size [1]. Due to low duty cycles in many sensing applications, sleep-mode power can dominate the total energy budget. Wakeup timers are a key always-on component in such sle
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 39.25MHz 278dB-FOM 19µW LDO-Free Stacked-Amplifier Crystal Oscillator (SAXO) Operating at I/O Voltage
frequency of 12Hz. The active resistor of 27MΩ with a size of 1800μm2 is achieved with a multiplication of RBIAS (= 80kΩ) by (W/L)M1 / (W/L)M3. 500pF is achieved with a multiplication of CLPF (= 50pF) by the gain (≈ 10)
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 420μW 100GHz-GBW CMOS ProgrammableGain Amplifier Leveraging the Cross-Coupled Pair Regeneration
Cross-coupled pairs are certainly among the most widely adopted fundamental circuits still in use today. This elegant device arrangement yields broadband positive feedback with high gain and low power, desirable features
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 2µW 40mVpp Linear-Input-Range ChopperStabilized Bio-Signal Amplifier with Boosted Input Impedance of 300MΩ and Electrode-Offset Filtering
Modern neuromodulation requires closed-loop functionality, where neural recordings are used to adapt stimulation patterns in real time. A closed-loop system requires the neural sensing front-end to record small neural si
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A Sub-μW 36nV/√Hz Chopper Amplifier for Sensors Using a Noise-Efficient Inverter-Based 0.2V-Supply Input Stage
In low-bandwidth, low-noise applications of wireless sensor nodes, the sensor front-end amplifier presents a power-consumption bottleneck since its current draw is noise-limited and cannot be scaled with the low data-rat
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 2×70W Monolithic Five-Level Class-D Audio Power Amplifier
Thomas Holm Hansen1, Allan Nogueras Nielsen1,2, Hans Hasselby-Andersen1 Merus Audio, Herlev, Denmark, Now at Knowles Corporation, Roskilde, Denmark 1 2 The consumer electronics trends of miniaturization and portability h
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 118dB-PSRR 0.00067%(-103.5dB) THD+N and 3.1W Fully Differential Class-D Audio Amplifier with PWM Common-Mode Control
A high power-supply rejection ratio (PSRR) and high-linearity Class-D audio amplifier (CDA) becomes important as the CDA is directly connected to a battery supply for efficiency considerations in mobile phone application
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 1.4V 10.5MHz Swing-Boosted Differential Relaxation Oscillator with 162.1dBc/Hz FOM and 9.86psrms Period Jitter in 0.18μm CMOS
Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea, 3 Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore 1 2 Relaxation oscillators have a profound scope as on-chip reference clock sources or sensor fr
ISSCC 2016
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 10MHz-Bandwidth 4µs-Large-Signal-Settling 6.5nV/√Hz-Noise 2µV-Offset Chopper Operational Amplifier
Low-offset and low-noise operational amplifiers (OpAmps) are essential for precision measurement systems. Applications such as precision weigh scales, sensor front-ends, bridge transducers, interfaces for thermocouple se
ISSCC 2016
Session 24
Analog Circuits
A 36.8 2b-TOPS/W Self-Calibrating GPS Accelerator Implemented Using Analog Calculation in 65nm LP CMOS
Dennis Sylvester2, David Blaauw2, David Fick1, Michael B. Henry1 Isocline, Austin, TX, 2University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 1 Many signal processing applications involve manipulating a large amount of data to generate
ISSCC 2016
Session 24
Analog Circuits
A 2.5GHz 7.7TOPS/W Switched-Capacitor Matrix Multiplier with Co-designed Local Memory in 40nm
Matrix multiplication, enabled by multiply-and-accumulate hardware, is ubiquitous in signal processing, computer graphics, machine learning, and optimization. Many important applications with inherent robustness to reduc
ISSCC 2016
Session 24
Analog Circuits
A 0.6V 8mW 3D Vision Processor for a Navigation Device for the Visually Impaired
devices, such as stereo and time-of-flight (ToF) cameras, measure distances to the observed points and generate a depth image where each pixel represents a distance to the corresponding location. The depth image can be c
ISSCC 2015
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 37µW Dual-Mode Crystal Oscillator for Single-Crystal Radios
reductions in power, cost and size of wireless sensors. Wireless nodes reduce average power by using intermittent data transmission, which is synchronized by a continuously operating sleep timer in each node. In some app
ISSCC 2015
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A Digitally Assisted Single-Point-Calibration CMOS Bandgap Voltage Reference with a 3σ Inaccuracy of ±0.08% for Fuel-Gauge Applications
Johannes Thielmann, Henrik Hassander, Herbert Gruber, Florian Hus, Christoph Sandner Infineon Technologies, Villach, Austria Accurate voltage references are key building blocks for almost all electronic systems. Specific
ISSCC 2015
Session 5
Analog Circuits
A 29nW Bandgap Reference Circuit
Young-Chul Cho2, Seong-Jin Jang2, Joo Sun Choi2, Byungsub Kim1, Hong-June Park1, Jae-Yoon Sim1 Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Korea 1 2 Bandgap references (BGRs